Batrachospermum Occurrence:- (1) Batrachospermum is fresh water alga. (2) It is found in clear, cool, and running streams. (3) Deepwater plants are dark violet or reddish in color. But the shallow-water species are olive green. (4) The intensity of light changes the color of pigments. (5) The thallus is attached to the substratum. Vegetative structure (1) The thallus of an adult plant is soft, thick, filamentous. (2) It is freely branched and gelatinous. (3) The central axis is made up of a single row of large cells. Whorls of branches of limited growth are developed on this axis. (4) These branches are filamentous and dichotomously arranged. (5) The main axis is corticated. It consists of a row of elongated cylindrical cells. (6) It is differentiated into nodes and internodes. (7) There are two types of branches that arise from the nodes: Branches of limited growth Branches of unlimited growth Batra
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata :- Echinus (Spines) dermal(Skin or layer ), means spines bearing animals. Echinodermata (1) These are exclusively marine. (2) Organ level of organization. (3) Radial symmetry with the Bilateral larval stage. (4) Body without segmented. (5) Coelom present. (6) Triploblastic and Schizocoelom. (7) Presence of Tube feet. (8) Water The vascular system is present (9) The shape of the body is star-shaped, flat and elongated. (10) The function of Water Vascular System is (Hint:- LCR circuit) Locomotion, Circulation, and Respiration. (11) Blood has no Pigment or blood is colorless. (12) Digestive of the system is Complete. (13) Sexes are Monoceious or may be Diecious. (14) Development is indirect with the formation of the