Batrachospermum Occurrence:- (1) Batrachospermum is fresh water alga. (2) It is found in clear, cool, and running streams. (3) Deepwater plants are dark violet or reddish in color. But the shallow-water species are olive green. (4) The intensity of light changes the color of pigments. (5) The thallus is attached to the substratum. Vegetative structure (1) The thallus of an adult plant is soft, thick, filamentous. (2) It is freely branched and gelatinous. (3) The central axis is made up of a single row of large cells. Whorls of branches of limited growth are developed on this axis. (4) These branches are filamentous and dichotomously arranged. (5) The main axis is corticated. It consists of a row of elongated cylindrical cells. (6) It is differentiated into nodes and internodes. (7) There are two types of branches that arise from the nodes: Branches of limited growth Branches of unlimited growth Batra
Chemistry Nobel prizes(2000-2020)
The Nobel prize in Chemistry has been awarded 111 times to 184 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2019. Sanger is that the only Nobelist who has been awarded the Nobel prize in Chemistry twice, in 1958 and 1980. this suggests that a complete of 183 individuals have received the Nobel prize in Chemistry.
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2020
The 2020 Nobel prize in Chemistry has not been awarded yet. it'll be announced on Wednesday 7 October, 11:45 CEST at the earliest
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2019
John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino “for the event of lithium-ion batteries”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2018
Frances H. Arnold “for the directed evolution of enzymes”, George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter “for the phage display of peptides and antibodies”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2017
Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank and Richard Henderson “for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2016
Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard L. Feringa ”for the planning and synthesis of molecular machines”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2015
Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar “for mechanistic studies of DNA repair”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2014
Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell and William E. Moerner “for the event of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2013
Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel “for the event of multiscale models for complex chemical systems”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2012
Robert J. Lefkowitz and Brian K. Kobilka “for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2011
Dan Shechtman “for the invention of quasicrystals”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2010
Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki “for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2009
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz and Ada E. Yonath “for studies of the structure and performance of the ribosome”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2008
Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, and Roger Y. Tsien “for the invention and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2007
Gerhard Ertl ”for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2006
Roger D. Kornberg ”for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2005
Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock ”for the event of the metathesis method in organic synthesis”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2004
Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose ”for the invention of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2003
“for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes”
Peter Agre ”for the invention of water channels”, and Roderick MacKinnon ”for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2002
“for the event of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules”
John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka ”for their development of sentimental desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules”.
Kurt Wüthrich ”for his development of nuclear resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2001
William S. Knowles and Ryoji Noyori ”for their work on chirally catalyzed hydrogenation reactions”
K. Barry Sharpless ”for his work on chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions”
The Nobel prize in Chemistry 2000
Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa ”for the invention and development of conductive polymers”
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